The Hong group develops and applies solid-state NMR spectroscopy to elucidate the structure and dynamics of biological macromolecules. We investigate a wide range of biological questions, including how ions are conducted across lipid membranes, how viruses and cells fuse their membranes, how proteins misfold into amyloid fibrils in neurodegenerative diseases, and how the glycan-rich cell walls of plants expand. To answer these questions, we develop solid-state NMR techniques that measure internuclear distances, molecular orientation and dynamics. By detecting ¹H, ¹³C, ¹⁵N, ¹⁹F, ³¹P and ²H spins at high magnetic fields under fast magic-angle spinning, we reveal biomolecular structure and dynamics with atomic resolution.